Basic vocabulary: Basic adjectives 1
You will learn Basic adjectives such as "big", "small", "good", etc.
1. Learn the words and phrases below.
2. Listen to and repeat each word after the voice.
3. Practice each word until you memorize.
4. Try to use your Japanese to your friends, your colleagues or shop clerks, etc.
1. Functions of Adjectives
∗ To describe something or someone
∗ To give your opinion
∗ To give an impression, etc.
Examples
1. Fuji-san wa takai desu. --- Mt. Fuji is high.
2. Konbini wa benri desu. --- Convenience stores are convenient.
3. Oishii desu. --- It's delicious.
4. Hanabi wa kirei desu. --- The fireworks are beautiful.
Oishii desu.
Hanabi wa kirei desu.
2. Two types of Adjectives
Japanese adjectives are divided into 2 types according to their inflection. They are i-adjectives and na-adjectives.
| Japanese | English | |
| i-adjective | atarashii uchi
|
a new house |
| na-adjective | kireina uchi
|
a beautiful house |
3. Learning Lists for Unit 15
1. Learning list for i-adjectives
| No. | English | Japanese | voice |
| 1. | big | ôkii | |
| 2. | small | chiisai | |
| 3. | good | ii | |
| 4. | expensive, tall, high | takai | |
| 5. | cheap | yasui | |
| 6. | old | furui | |
| 7. | new | atarashii | |
| 8. | difficult | muzukashii | |
| 9. | near | chikai | |
| 10. | interesting | omoshiroi | |
| 11. | delicious | oishii | |
| 12. | busy | isogashii | |
| 13. | hot (weather) | atsui | |
| 14. | cold | samui |
2. Learning list for na-adjectives
| No. | English | Japanese | voice |
| 15. | healthy, energetic | genki | |
| 16. | convenient | benri | |
| 17. | beautiful, clean | kirei |
4. Adjective Forms of polite styles
Find the following 4 forms for adjectives.
There are affirmative or negative forms, and non-past or past form.
Ex: oishii (delicious)
| Japanese | English | |
| affirmative | oishii desu.
| --- It is delicious. |
| past affirmative | oishikatta desu.
| --- It was delicious. |
| negative | oishikunai desu.
| --- It is not delicious. |
| past negative | oishikunakatta desu.
| --- It was not delicious. |
| i-Adj. + noun | |
| modifier | oishii kôhî --- delicious coffee
|
5. Examples
Examples 1 ( i-adjectives )
1. oishii pan --- delicious bread
2. omoshiroi eiga --- interesting movie
3. isogashii hi --- busy day
4. Oishii desu. --- It's delicious.
5. Kyô wa astui desu. --- It is hot today.
6. Kyô wa isogashii desu. --- I'm busy today.
7. Watashi no kuruma wa chiisai desu. --- My car is small.
8. Atarashii sumaho o kaimashita. --- I bought a new smartphone.
|
wa: topic marker no: possession marker o : object marker |
Examples 2 ( na-adjectives )
1. genkina hito --- energetic person, healthy person
2. kireina hana --- beautiful flowers
3. Konbini wa benri desu. --- Convenience stores are convenient.
4. Hanabi wa kirei desu. --- The fireworks are beautiful.
5. Daijôbu desu. --- I'm OK.
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Unit 15-Basic adjectives  To previous Unit 14 |
 To next Unit 16 |